The following example point out that the writers style is so rich and full of different devices from which can be deduced the next translation difficulties which are find out from the novel during the process of analyzing the both variants of the novel English and Romanian: Related with the informal nature stated, it must also point out the absence of any type of logical structure in Holdens discourse. When he calls him a moron, Stradlater warns him to be quiet, but he only . Those grammatical transformations maybe divided into following types: Substitution is one of the grammatical relations among the parts of the sentences. Ian Hamilton adheres to this view, arguing that while Salinger's early stories for the "slicks" boasted "tight, energetic" dialogue, they had also been formulaic and sentimental. To respect, whenever possible, all the syntax and lexical repetitions, shoot the bull = telling lies, small talk. Stuff, in reference to one's privates. The semantic structure of a word predefines the possibility of its contextual use, and the translation of contextual meaning presents a hard task to translators. He wrote this terrific book of short stories, []. In the end can be concluded that the main Lexical translation problems are: Practically, stylistic devices in almost all languages are similar still though their functions in speech vary. It should be mentioned that word combinability is possible if words point to similar objects they denote. There are various types of idioms, some more easily recognizable than others. He "[tore the composition up and [threw] it away angrily. This type contain two subtypes and one of these subtypes is Interjections and Exclamatory words which are words that that we use when we express our feelings strongly and which may be said to exist in language as conventional symbols of human emotions. Holden is terrified by the unpredictable challenges of the worldhe hates conflict, he is confused by Allie's senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. Stradlater insists, however, that Holden not write it too well, for the teacher knows that Holden is a hot-shot in English. Richard Yates wrote at The New York Times in 1977 that Salinger is a man who used language as if it were pure energy beautifully controlled, and who knew exactly what he was doing in every silence as well as in every word. But he refuses to acknowledge this fear, expressing it only in a few instancesfor example, when he talks about sex and admits that [s]ex is something I just don't understand. Examples Of Dialectical Journal For The Catcher In The Rye Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. D Salinger. This term means a word that has the same or similar form in the source and target languages but another meaning in the target language. Question 3 60 seconds Q. The interjection that was used by the author is Ohwell (J. D. Salinger:7)The interjection used by the author Oh it is possible to express various feelings such as regret, despair, disappointment sorrow, surprise and many others but especially this the author point out to the reader Old Spenser hesitation for giving a clear and interesting answer to Holdens question. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. for a group? The Romanian version tends to add words or phrases to the TT. The author used this kind of interjection in order to describe Holdens surprise to the question given by the old Spenser Oh, well its long story (J. D. Salinger: 29) J. D. Salinger used this interjection in order to demonstrate that Holden didnt know the story. One group of polysemes are those in which a word meaning an activity, perhaps derived from a verb, acquires the meanings of those engaged in the activity, or perhaps the results of the activity, or the time or place in which the activity occurs or has occurred. It is an implicit comparison of two unlike objects. The example for this wrd with its meanings could be like I left the goddam foils andstuff on the subway (J. D. Salinger: p.170 in English and Am uitat blestmatele aleade florete ?i tot echipamentul in metrou. and throughthis example ispinted out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word. Through experience it was learned that the consequences of wrong translations can be catastrophicespecially if done by laypersonsand mistakes made in the performance of this activity can obviously be irreparable. eNotes Editorial, 22 Dec. 2012, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-did-holden-decide-write-about-stradlaters-311210. In the book there are many examples of the theme of the painfulness of growing up in the book. The modern world's general moral change and the individual's alienation from the society serve. . I went down by a different staircase, and I saw another Fuck you on the wall. Mad about Children." What Stradlater did not expect was that Holden would write about his late brother's baseball glove. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. Theyre quite touchy about anything like that, especially my father. Ccrowther Jonathan and Cavanagh Katchryn, Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, Oxford University Press 2003; Printice Hall Literature American Experience, Second Edition, Printice Hall Edgewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Needham Massachusetts 1991; Crystal, David, The English Language. Every statement made about the work by a reader of the translation should also be true of the original text. Holdens actions are inconsistent with his opinions, but instead of making him seem like a hypocrite, this makes him more likable: he is kind to Ackley without commenting on it, and he shows himself capable of going to the movies with his friends like a normal teenager. Instead of paying attention to the game, he would write poetry on his glove while playing the outfield. These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. The topic of the composition is to describe a room or a house; however, describing something meaningful only leads to . why does holden write the composition for stradlatermasa year of service PB Nitom Blog . The Catcher in the Rye and J. D. Salinger were very popular among young people because his rich and fresh vocabulary, full of slangs, connected with the teenagers; in the Fifties, there were a lot of articles about The Catcher Cult. The author used a lot of stylistic devices of these kinds in order to capture readers attention to the smallest elements used by the writer for pointing out those elements that could not be used without those peculiarities of Modernists writers. Colloquialism is a lexical item used in informal speech; whilst the broadest sense of the term colloquialism might include slangism, its narrow sense does not. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning: J. D. Salingers The Cather in the Ray is full of stylistic device that made authors style more clear and sometimes more interesting. Catcher Ch 3-5 questions Flashcards | Quizlet database? All this explanations or meanings of these words were used in the novel and through these exemples the it could be resulted that the authors vocabulary in this novel is very rich. An idiom or fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its context of use may be different; the two expressions may have different connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable. In Salingers Catcher in the Rye Holden Caulfields entire plot deals with him trying to isolate from society. Ive selected Holdens red hunting hat, the Museum of Natural History, and the Ducks in Central Park Lagoon. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. A word is judged to be polysemous if it has two senses of the word whose meanings are related. But revealing these potentials of words is closely connected with the specificity of lexical-semantic aspects of every language and here forth we may observe the difficulty of translation of contextual meaning of words. Holden is an immature boy who in trying to seem older tends to lean more towards phoniness, a quality he despises in others. Holden has issues with sex and manhood, and both are issues when he learns that Stradlater and Jane are going on a date. $24.99 Others, however, nominated Salinger himself as the top-flight "catcher in the rye" for that period in American history. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% There are five quotations that are used by the author in his novel The Catcher in the Ray: Game, my ass. None of their constituents may be substituted with words of similar meaning. and how should i write it.. pls and thanks" eNotes Editorial, 27 Mar. Inter-semiotic translation means substituting signs of one semiotic system by signs of a different semiotic system. A major theme and also strong influence concerns the war and the army life present throughout his short stories, especially during and after his participation in the Second World War. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Holden's isolation is expressed in the fact that while Stradlater goes out on a date, Holden is all alone in his dorm room, doing homework for his roommate. I knew I wouldnt meet anyone that knew me, and it was pretty damp out. People often are not themselves clear on whether they are arguing for or explaining something. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. [18]. Recurring themes in Salinger's stories also connect to the ideas of innocence and adolescence, including the "corrupting influence of Hollywood and the world at large", the absence of connects between teenagers and "phony" adults, and the perceptive, precocious intelligence of children. In the same way that the surgeon, operating on the heart, cannot neglect the body that surrounds it, so the translator treats the text in isolation from the culture at his peril. He also tends to be emotionally distant and uncommunicative. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Of course, Holden himself is guilty of both these crimes. I'll bet I woke up every bastard on the whole floor. After a dry and unappetizing steak dinner in the dining hall, Holden gets into a snowball fight with some of the other Pencey boys. Inter-language translation means substituting verbal signs of one language by verbal signs of another language, or switching from one language code to another one. A translator should not try to preserve the stylistic device given in the sentence, but reproduce its function in the target language. Difference in the semantic structure of a word represents one of the main reason causing lexical difficulties in translation. If we talk about the language at Catcher in the Rye, we can say that the author uses a simple writing, with several interjections and qualifier adjectives; the tone of this novel is colloquial and full of teenagers expressions (it is written in a monologue and in lively slang; its also important the chronolect). The first time period was during World War II, and the second time period was during the 1960s. The New Republic, Vol. Translation from English into another language is not just a simple substitute of words from the English language by the words from another language. (Chapter 16, page 121) Holden also mentions that he is troubled by the fact that he has changed every time he returns to them. He alludes to his behavior almost in passing, saying that he slept in the garage on the night of Allies death and broke all the windows with his bare hands, just for the hell of it. He tried to break the car windows as well, but could not because his hand was already fractured from smashing the garage windows. Written translation as well as oral one presents itself a complex and manifold process. Some of the major conclusions, differences or main observations between English and Romanian versions could be summarized as follows: The Romanian version uses more diverse ways of rendering Holdens speech habits or linguistic repetitions. False cognates, by contrast, are similar words in different languages that appear to have a common historical linguistic origin (whatever their current meaning) but actually do not. Through this hyperbole the author wanted to point out to the reader what could do one little English job through this stylistic device the author intensify the functions of a little English job.. In New Zealand there was a book called Pounamu Pounamu by Witi Ihimaera. In contextual usage of a word in poetry or prose often point to the authors penetration into the depth of the words semantic structure. For most of the book, he sounds like a grumpy old man who is angry at the world, but his search for the ducks represents the curiosity of youth and a joyful willingness to encounter the mysteries of the world. The mitt is representive of all these things. Holden pictured an idyllic world of childhood innocence from which children would fall into a dangerous world; Mr. Antolini describes Holden in an apathetic free fallgiving up, disengaging him from the world, falling in a void removed from life around him. So this book supposed a big phenomenon of sales during Fifties and Sixties; but today, in the XXI century, catch more supporters and it is still editing, there are a lot of editions in different languages. Theyre nice and all Im not saying that but. elements of grammar, which Popovic sees as being a higher category than lexical equivalence. Salinger, J.D. The difficulties involved in translating an idiom are totally different from those involved in interpreting it. or signs to have multiple meanings or a large semantic field. His brother Allie's (died from leukemia) baseball glove which had poems written all over it in green ink to read while out in the field. We see his silent contempt for adults, which are evidenced by the silent ridiculing and cursing of Spencer that Holden hides beneath his nodding, compliant veneer. This, the passage in which Holden reveals the source of the book's title, is perhaps the most famous in the book. Anyway, Holden responds by doing a tap dance like you see in the movies, which he hates but gets a bang (his words) out of imitating. Nothing. (2019, Mar 02). The unexpectedness of word usage is closely connected with expressiveness of the statement. Who is Phoebe? The conversation succinctly illuminates key aspects of Holden's character. Describe Holden's relationship with Jane Gallagher in The Catcher in the Rye. As mentioned above, the language in The Catcher in the Rye contains many American slang expressions. | Why did Holden do what he did to his composition? Raised in Manhattan, New York, Salinger began writing short stories while in secondary school, and published several stories in the early 1940s before serving in World War II. The Holy book gave him peace. Much of Salinger's reputation, which he acquired after publication of The Catcher in the Rye, is derived from thoughtful and sympathetic insights into both adolescence and adulthood, his use of symbolism, and his idiomatic style, which helped to re-introduce the common idiom to American literature. The volume meaning of these words does not usually coincide (except term-words). collected. This is not possible. A) because he often drinks and drives B) because he views her as a sexual conquest C) because he has another girlfriend D) because he will likely make her pay her own way B) because he views her as a sexual conquest 300 Does Holden really dislike Stradlater? In The Catcher in the Rye, what do Holden and Stradlater fight over? Rev. About what did Holden write Stradlater's composition? - Answers burlesque examples in catcher in the rye - stmatthewsbc.org Some stupid guy had thrown peanut shells all over the stairs, and I damn near broke my crazy neck. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. The stylistic device that was used by the author in the work is the following hyperbole Hes going to drive me home when I go home next month maybe. Finally, idioms cannot be syntactically modified. One of the most important translation difficulties is grammatical translation difficulties which is the hardest one in the identification and in the same time which change the structure and the meaning of the words from the source text into target text. harmony in order to life, The Importance of Stradlaters Composition in the Catcher in the Rye. Use of contractions: youll, dont, theyre, thats, isnt, hes. Phraseologisms or expressions that would aspire at becoming so are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. why does holden write the composition for stradlater E.G. "Allie has written poetry all over the glove so he has something to read when he gets bored in the outfield. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. There are different types of translation difficulties. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; Breit, Harvey. So it can be concluded that Salinger tries to explain what these three elements can do for search the true happiness. - Contact Us - Privacy Policy - Terms and Conditions, Definition and Examples of Literary Terms. Holden Caulfield Character Analysis Essay - 1440 Words | 123 Help Me He reads Holdens composition and becomes visibly annoyed, asserting that it has nothing to do with the assignment and that its no wonder Holden is being expelled. Salinger uses symbolism from other books in his books to convey how the characters in his works will change for a better life. This is not always so obvious. . The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions,. The whole arrangements designed for men who, at some time or other in their lives, were looking for something their own environment couldn't supply them with. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. The ducks vanish every winter, but they return every spring, thus symbolizing change that isn't permanent, but cyclical. The consequent need for a unifying function brought about a growth in the political importance of culture. All stylistic devices are multi functional. As you can see the theme of the painfulness of growing up is very prevalent throughout The Catcher In The Rye. Holdens curiosity about where the ducks go during winter shows a more genuine and youthful side to his character. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Ackley has awful teeth, which he never brushes, lots of pimples, and a lousy personality, according to Holden. Holdens kindness to Ackley in Chapter 5 comes as a surprise after the disdain that Holden has displayed for him in the previous two chapters. It is very frequent when grammatical and lexical transformations demand supplementation or omission of some words or elements. The Catcher in the Rye - Wikipedia A list of personal pronoun is provided here: In Romanian variant of the The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger is presented the tendency to omit the subject pronouns or to use their presupposed noun, because the verb carries an enclitic subject. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can't understand everything around him. Hyperbole is a device which is sharpens the readers ability to make a logical assessment of the utterance. About what did Holden write in Stradlater's composition? An important lexical pecularity single out in Salingers writing is the metaphor and in the same time which is one of the main stylistic device used in The Catcher in the Rye. He goes to Mr. Antolini's because he feels he can trust and confide in himit seems to be his final chance to save himself. Chapter 4 - Catcher 2. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only. Inter-lingual translation or translation proper (an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language). They can be nouns, adjectives and verbs. False friends - are an umbrella term where some similarity between two words in a language pair dealt with look or sound sufficiently alike to sometimes make translators render the source word by a target word that is semantically wrong in that context. For example: it was made a calques translation from miles an hour ; the places mentioned in the source text (Hollywood and New York) stay in the target text, although New York is translated into New York, which is the generally accepted Romanian translation (recognized translation). He wants everything to be easily understandable and eternally fixed, like the statues of Eskimos and Indians in the museum. 2009, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/when-holden-writes-composition-for-stradlater-in-73535. The only instances that create problems for the translator are the stable, recurrent lexical idioms that for their metaphorical meaning do not rely only on the readers logic at the moment of reading but also, and above all, on the value that such a metaphor has assumed in the history of the language under discussion. Yet, while his behavior indicates his loneliness, Holden consistently shies away from introspection and thus doesn't really know why he keeps behaving as he does. To this group belong international words, some words of human perception, mental activity. Caulfield's self-destruction over a period of days forces one to contemplate society's attitude toward the human condition. The Catcher in the Rye Chapters 3-5 Summary and Analysis Every translation activity has one or more specific purposes and whichever they may be, the main aim of translation is to serve as a cross-cultural bilingual communication vehicle among peoples. Transposition, thats, change of structure of the sentence may be caused by several reasons. In the book, Holden explains the symbol meaning of the museums displays. Jerome David "J. D." Salinger is an American author, best known for his 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye, as well as his reclusive nature. Afterwards, Salinger struggled with unwanted attention, including a legal battle in the 1980s with biographer Ian Hamilton and the release in the late 1990s of memoirs written by two people close to him: Joyce Maynard, an ex-lover; and Margaret Salinger, his daughter. During a great period of searching it was identified three types of translation difficulty: In his article `On Linguistic Aspects of Translation', Jacobson distinguished three types of translation: But Dagut's distinction between `translation' and `reproduction', like Catford's distinction between `literal' and `free' translation does not take into account the view that sees translation as semiotic change. In this first chapter were also presented major biographical data on Salingers life and on his literary works in chronological order in order to emphasize the similarities and differences between his life and some of the events presented in his fiction. burlesque examples in catcher in the rye burlesque examples in catcher in the rye It gets great importance while making translation to add or omit some words since the structures of languages are quite different. Although he encounters opportunities for both physical and emotional intimacy, he bungles them all, wrapping himself in a psychological armor of critical cynicism and bitterness. He feels like he has a duty to save other people from growing up and maturing. He wrote about Allie'e baseball mitt. It is obvious from the start that Holden uses the hat as a mark of individuality and independence. As the book progresses, however, we learn that Holden has built cynical psychological armour around himself to protect himself from the complexities of the world. Several years before, Allie died of leukemia. Each language can form uncountable number new word combinations that will be understood by its bearers. According to most analyses, The Catcher in the Rye is a bildungsroman, a novel about a young character's growth into maturity. If Fred and Joe address the issue of whether or not Fred's cat has fleas, Joe may state: "Fred, your cat has fleas. Salinger's portrayal of Holden, which includes incidents of depression, nervous breakdown, impulsive spending, sexual exploration, vulgarity, and other erratic behavior, have all attributed to the controversial nature of the novel. When Holden's roommate, Ward Stradlater, requested him to write his Englishcomposition for him, he didn't specify a subject. . There are two cases in which an idiom can be easily misinterpreted if one is not already familiar with it: Apart from being alert to the way speakers and writers manipulate certain features of idioms and to the possible confusion which could arise from similarities in form between source and target expressions, a translator must also consider the collocational environment which surrounds any expression whose meaning is not readily accessible.
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